Protein and peptide drugs has the advantages of action site specificity, and clear effect. In recent years, the research and development of protein and peptide drugs has become a hot spot in the field of bio- medicine research. Disulfide bond is the S-S bond protein or polypeptide molecules in two different loci forming by Cys thiol
(- SH) oxidized .
Oxidant and oxidation conditions,selected during chains modification, is the key factor for the reaction.Reaction mechanism is rather complex, maybe a free radical reaction, also maybe ion reaction.
Regarding disulfide modification, reaction conditions have a variety of options, such as air oxidation, DMSO oxidation etc. these mild oxidation process,as well as the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 and I2, mercury salt ,etc. fierce reaction conditions).Reaction product relatively easy separation and purification, then high purity and yielding.
Air oxidation forming disulfide bond is the classical method in peptide synthesis . By air oxidation method is that usually thiol are dissolved in water in the reduction state of the peptides under the condition of near neutral or weak alkaline conditions (pH 6.5 to 10), reacting more than 24 hours. In order to reduce the possibility of inter molecular disulfide bond formation, the method usually need to be done under the condition of low concentration.
Commonly TRT, ACM, Mmt, TBU, Bzl, mob, Tmob etc ,a variety of groups, are used as thiol protecting group.Please see below multi-disulfide bond forming routes in peptides synthesis using 2-Cl and rink resins as the carrier :
Iodine oxidation method also widely applies in peptide synthesis . Generally peptide solubles in 25% of the methanol water solution or 30% aqueous solution of acetic acid, dropping in 10 ~ 15mol/L iodine drop by drop , reacting 15 ~ 40min. Please control the oxidation conditions accurately When the peptide contains Tyr, Trp, Met and His residues which are more sensitive to iodine. After oxidation,join the vitamin C or sodium thiosulfate to remove excess iodine immediately .
The formation of disulfide bonds is always one of the difficulties in peptide synthesis. After unremitting research and accumulation, Bankpeptide has quite mature technology of this modification. At present, we have been able to provide high qualified peptides with three and four disulfide modification in large quantities and high purity to customers. Overcoming the difficulties, continuously improving the quality of products and making unremitting efforts to meet customer requirements are our constant aim.
successful case:Sequence:DC*TSHNGAC*NHHSHC*C*SNVC*NTWAHLC*T ,three disulfide bond.
HPLC analysis:
MS analysis:
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